Clinical Correlation between Oxygen Delivery Device and Early Physiological Outcomes in Head Trauma

Setiyawan; Windi Eka Nur Anggraini; Atiek Murharyati; Adelino Nuno da Conceicao; Alianca Barreto Alves

doi:10.25159/2520-5293/19543

Authors

Setiyawan Universitas Kusuma Husada Surakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6360-988X
Windi Eka Nur Anggraini University of Kusuma Husada Surakarta
Atiek Murharyati University of Kusuma Husada Surakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2396-8327
Adelino Nuno da Conceicao Instituto Ciências da Saúde, East Timor
Alianca Barreto Alves Instituto Ciências da Saúde, East Timor

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/19543

Keywords:

traumatic brain injury, early warning score, oxygen therapy, nasal cannula, non-rebreather mask

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major global health concern, often resulting in patients’ rapid physiological deterioration. Prompt recognition of early warning signs is essential in preventing secondary brain injury. The Early Warning Score (EWS) system is widely used in acute care settings, yet limited evidence exists regarding its relationship with the type of oxygen therapy administered at the initial phase of treatment. This study aimed to assess the association between the type of oxygen delivery device and physiological status at 30 minutes post-therapy, as measured by EWS, in patients with TBI presenting to the emergency department at the Dr Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 80 head injury patients treated at the hospital. The study participants received oxygen therapy via either nasal cannula or non-rebreather mask. Their EWS was recorded 30 minutes after therapy. The data was analysed descriptively and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to determine the strength of association. The results showed that most of the participants were male (57.5%) and classified with moderate head injury (63.7%). The mean EWS value was higher among participants treated with non-rebreather masks (5.8 ± 1.7) compared to those who received oxygen via nasal cannula (4.3 ± 1.2). A statistically significant moderate positive correlation was observed between the oxygen device type and EWS value (r = 0.345, p = 0.002), with higher EWS values associated with non-rebreather mask use, likely reflecting clinical decisions to assign higher-flow devices to patients with greater initial physiological severity. Thus, the study concluded that oxygen device selection in TBI patients reflects initial physiological severity as measured by EWS. This validates the use of structured assessment tools like the EWS in guiding treatment intensity decisions in acute neurotrauma care.

Author Biographies

Windi Eka Nur Anggraini, University of Kusuma Husada Surakarta

Department of Emergency and Critical Nursing

Atiek Murharyati, University of Kusuma Husada Surakarta

Department of Emergency and Critical Nursing

Adelino Nuno da Conceicao, Instituto Ciências da Saúde, East Timor

Emergency and Critical Nursing Department

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