TROPHY HUNTING – A BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE FROM THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST OF THE IRON AGE (CIRCA 1200–500 B.C.E.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25159/1013-8471/2556Abstract
Humans have been hunting since time immemorial. In recent times, especially after the shooting of Cecil, a trophy-lion, various questions have surfaced about sport hunting. In this article, evidence from the Bible and archaeology from the Iron Age ancient Near East is presented to enable the reader to understand how and what was hunted. The article will conclude with the biblical Israelites’ and their neighbours’ attitude towards hunting, in particular trophy hunting.Metrics
References
Cheney, C 2003. Dealing with dangerous African game – a manual for hunters and field guides [CD]. PowerPoint presentation. Nelspruit: Eagle’s Wing. Available: cceagleswing@mweb.co.za.
Cheney, C & Cheney H 2004. Making bows & arrows 1: Primitive selfbows & arrows [CD]. PowerPoint presentation. Nelspruit: Eagle’s Wing. Available: cceagleswing@mweb.co.za.
De Beer, P 2007. Wild Africa hunting – Bow and rifle series [DVD]. Pretoria: CPT Consulting. Available: www.wildafricahunting.co.za.
Deist, F E 2000. The material culture of the Bible. London: Sheffield Academic Press.
Encyclopædia Britannica 2012. Encyclopædia Britannica ultimate reference suite [DVD]. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica.
Finkelstein, I 1996. Ethnicity and origin of the Iron I settlers in the highlands of Canaan: can the real Israel stand up? BA 59/4:198-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3210562
Gajanan, M 2015. Cecil the lion’s death prompts calls to ban trophy hunt imports to US. The
Guardian (28 July 2015). Available: www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/28/cecilafrican-lion import-ban-trophy-hunting#maincontent. [Accessed 2015/09/21.]
Gispen, W H, Oosterhoff, B J & Ridderbos, H N (eds) 1977. Bybelse ensiklopedie. Kaapstad: Verenigde Protestantse Uitgewers, in Logos Library System.
Gowers, R 1987. The new manners and customs of Bible times. Chicago: Moody Bible Institute, in Logos Library System.
Greenblatt, C L (ed.) 1998. Digging for pathogens. Rehovot, Philadelphia: Balaban.
King, P J & Stager, L E 2001. Life in biblical Israel. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox.
Logos Library System 1997. Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems. Oak Harbor, WA: Logos Research Systems.
Microsoft Encarta, 2009. Encarta dictionaries [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation.
_______ 2009. Microsoft Student 2009 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation.
Negev, A (ed.) 1996. The archaeological encyclopedia of the holy lands. Electronic ed. of the 3rd ed. New York: Prentice Hall, in Logos Library Systems.
Pearcey, N R & Thaxton, C B 1996. The soul of science: Christian faith and natural philosophy. Electronic ed. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, in Logos Library Systems.
Pfeiffer, C F 1975. Wycliffe Bible encyclopedia. Chicago, IL: Moody, in Logos Library System.
Pretoria F M 2015. “Ek wens my naam is Cecilâ€. Nuuskommentaar: Woensdag 5 Augustus 2015. Available: www.pretoriafm.co.za.
Ronald F Y, (ed.) 1995. Nelson’s new illustrated Bible dictionary: An authoritative one-volume reference work on the Bible with full color illustrations. Electronic ed. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, in Logos Library System.
Russell, I 2009. The settlers in the central hill country of Palestine during Iron Age I (ca 1200-1000 BCE): Where did they come from and why did they move? Unpublished masters thesis, UNISA, Pretoria.
Scheepers, C L v W 2011. King Sennacherib of Assyria: Third campaign to the Southern Levant, PowerPoint presentation. Pretoria: Unisa.
Scheepers, C L v W & Scheffler, E H 2000. From Dan to Beersheba: an archaeological tour book through ancient Israel. Pretoria: Biblia.
Smith, P & Horwitz, L R K 1998. Culture, environment and disease: Paleo-anthropological findings for the Southern Levant, in Greenblatt 1998:201–239.
Stander, H F & Louw, J P 1990. Gebruike en gewoontes in die Bybel. Electronic ed. Vereeniging: Cum Boeke, in Logos Library System.
Stern, E 2001. Archaeology of the land of the Bible. Vol 2. London: Yale University Press.
Ussishkin, D 2004. The renewed archaeological excavations at Lachish (1973-1994). Vol. 2, Chapter 12, pp. 624-689. Tel Aviv. Available: http://www.biblearchitecture.info/Lachish.htm#site. [Accessed 2015/09/21.]
Van der Crabben, J (Photographer) [sa]. Available: www.ancient.euuploadsimages96.jpgv=1431036089. [Accessed 2015/09/21.]
Van Zyl, A H (hoofredakteur) 1993. Die Bybel verklaar: 1983-vertaling. Electronic ed. Kaapstad: Lux Verbi, in Logos Library System.
Vine, W E, Unger M F & White W 1996. Vine’s complete expository dictionary of Old and New Testament words. Electronic ed. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, in Logos Library System.