Modelling the Jewish Tzedakah Concept for Poverty Alleviation and Socio-economic Development in Africa: A Neo-Pentecostal Perspective

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/10521

Keywords:

Tzedakah, African Neo-Pentecostals, socio-economic empowerment, entrepreneurship, poverty alleviation

Abstract

As the Jewish highest level of charity, Tzedakah remains a socio-economic system reputed for development in history. In African Christianity, charity is mostly practised at lower levels. This could be one of the reasons for prevailing poverty, beggary, and increased unemployment in Africa. Using the Maimonides highest principle of Tzedakah as the underlying philosophy, this article examines the Tzedakah concept and recommends its applicability in African Neo-Pentecostal churches for the socio-economic development of adherents and surrounding communities. The article posits that Tzedakah’s contemporary practice can be a great model and strategy for the African Neo-Pentecostals to address poverty, unemployment and underdevelopment in Africa.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Ben-Shalom, Yael W. 2011. “Poverty, Charity and the Image of the Poor in Rabbinic Texts from the Land of Israel.” PhD thesis, Dept of Religion, Graduate School of Duke University.

Beyers, Jaco. 2014. “The Effect of Religion on Poverty.” HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies 70 (1): 1–8. https://hts.org.za/index.php/HTS/article/view/2614. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v70i1.2614. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v70i1.2614

Bradley, Jayson D. 2021. “20 Bible Verses about Tithing and Offerings.” Pushpay. Accessed December 26, 2021. https://pushpay.com/blog/20-bible-verses-about-tithing/.

Chrysostom, John. 1950. “Saint John Chrysostom on Almsgiving.” Catholic Worker 16 (9): 1–8. https://thecatholicnewsarchive.org/?a=d&d=CW19500201-01.2.14&e=en-201txt-txIN.

Cutler, Zach. 2017. “5 Lessons Entrepreneurs worldwide can Learn from Israeli Culture.” Entrepreneur. April 6, 2017. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/286573.

Degroot, Jacquelyn. (n.d.). “Jewish Philanthropy: The Concept of Tzedakah.” Learning To Give. https://www.learningtogive.org/resources/jewish-philanthropy-concept-tzedakah.

Dorn, Jacob H. 1967. Washington Gladden: Prophet of the Social Gospel. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.

Doyle, Robert. 2015. “Philosophical and Theological Reflections on the Common Good: Using Western Thought to Foster Awareness about Health and Poverty.” PhD thesis, Dept. of Religion, Claremont Graduate University.

Drury, David. 2012. “The 8 Levels of Giving (Maimonides): Tzedakah for Christians.” The Writings of David Drury. http://www.daviddrury.com/2012/10/04/the-8-levels-of-giving-maimonides-tzedakah-for-christians/.

Edelstein, Shari L. 2013. “Jewish Philanthropy and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Missing Link?” Jewish Virtual Library. November 7, 2013. https://ejewishphilanthropy.com/jewish-philanthropy-and-corporate-social-responsibility-a-missing-link/.

Eisen, Arnold M. 2018. “Yom Kippur 2018: It’s on Us.” Jewish Theological Seminary. September 20, 2018. https://www.jtsa.edu/yom-kippur-2018-its-on-us/.

Hamers, Jos, Kid Schwarz, and Bas-Steins Bisschop. 2005. “Corporate Social Responsibility; Trends in The Netherlands and Europe.” Ius Commune Europaeum 53 (1): 298–312.

Hayim, Donin. 1972. To Be a Jew. New York: Basic Books.

Ismail, Maimunah. 2009. “Corporate Social Responsibility and its Role in Community Development: An International Perspective.” Journal of International Social Research 2 (9): 199–209. http://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/cilt2/sayi9pdf/ismail_maimunah.pdf.

Jewish Community Foundation of Central New York, Inc. 2014. http://www.jewishfoundationcny.org.

Josephus, Flavius. 2012. Complete Works of Josephus: Antiquities of the Jews Volume 4. USA: Forgotten Books.

Jewish Women’s Archive. 2013. “Maimonides (Rambam), Mishnah Torah, Laws of Gifts to the Poor 10:7–14.” October 14, 2013. https://jwa.org/media/maimonides-rambam-mishnah-torah-laws-of-gifts-to-poor-107-14.

Kaiserman, Saul. 2014. “The Case for Tzedakah in Jewish Education.” Jewish Philanthropy. July 15, 2014. https://ejewishphilanthropy.com/the-case-for-tzedakah-in-jewish-education/.

Kohler, Kaufmann. 1906. “Alms.” Jewish Encyclopedia 1 (1): 435–436. jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1295-alms.

Loy, David R. 2008. “Advancing Legal Empowerment of the Poor: The Role and Perspective of Buddhism.” In Religions for Peace. www. religionsforpeace.org/file/…/legal-empowerment/buddhism-and-legal.do.

Mauss, Marcel. 1990. The Gift: The Form and Reason for Exchange in Archaic Societies. New York: W.W. Norton.

McClintock, John, and Strong James. 1870. “Entry for Alms-Almsgiving.” Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological and Ecclesiastical Literature. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/mse/a/alms.html.

Meyer, Stan. 2014. “Tikkun Olam: Repairing the World.” Jews for Jesus: Inherit. January 9, 2014. https://jewsforjesus.org/publications/inherit/tikkun-olam-repairing-the-world/.

Moses, Larry. 2011. “Tzedakah and Philanthropy: Rethinking American Jewish Giving.” Sh’ma: A journal of Jewish Ideas. October 31, 2011. http://shma.com/2011/10/tzedakah-and-philanthropy-rethinking-american-jewish-giving/.

Naomi, Zion. 2014. “Perspectives on Jewish Giving: Four Types of Giving and a Personal Assessment of Your Current Giving Strategy.” Shalom Hartman Institute of North America 1–6. https://hartman.org.il/Fck_Uploads/file/Tzedakah%20Typology%20-%20Noam%20Zion%20Webinar%20Sources.pdf.

Olupona, Jacob. 2009. “Understanding Poverty and its Alleviation in Africa and the African Diaspora: An Interdisciplinary Approach.” In Religion and Poverty: Pan-African Perspectives, edited by P. J. Paris, ix–xxiii. Durham: Duke University Press.

Orogun, Daniel, and Jerry Pillay. 2021. “African Neo-Pentecostal Capitalism through the Lens of Ujamaa.” HTS Teologiese Studies 77 (4): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i4.6577. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v77i4.6577

Oshatz, Molly. 2018. “Social Gospel.” Dictionary of American History. May 23, 2018. https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/christianity/protestant-denominations/social-gospel.

Painter, Nell I. 2008. Standing at Armageddon: A Grassroots History of the Progressive Era. New York: W.W. Norton.

Peter, Brown. 2002, Poverty and Leadership in the Later Roman Empire: The Menahem Stern Jerusalem Lectures. London: University Press of New England.

Pillay, Jerry. 2017a. “Reformation and Transformation Today: Essentials of Reformation Tradition and Theology as Seen from the Perspectives of the South.” HTS Teologiese Studies 73 (3): 1–6. https://hts.org.za/index.php/hts/article/view/4815/10432. https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v73i3.4815. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v73i3.4815

Pillay, Jerry. 2017b. “Racism and Xenophobia: The Role of the Church in South Africa.” Verbum et Ecclesia 38 (3): 3–17. https://doi.org/10.4102/ve.v38i3.1655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/ve.v38i3.1655

Rich, Tracey. 2020. “Tzedakah: Charity.” Judaism 101. http://www.jewfaq.org/tzedakah.htm

Richard, Horsley A. 1997. Paul and Empire: Religion and Power in Roman Imperial Society. Harrisburg: Trinity Press International.

Ruddick, Morris E. 2003. The Joseph Daniel Calling: Facilitating the release of the wealth of the Wicked. USA: Xulon Press.

Ruddick, Morris E. 2010. The Heart of a King: The Leadership Measure of the Joseph Daniel Calling. U.S.A: Xulon Press.

Sacks, Jonathan. 2005. To Heal a Fractured World: The Ethics of Responsibility. New York: Schocken.

Secchi, Davide. 2005. “The Italian Experience in Social Reporting: An Empirical Analysis.” Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management 13 (1): 135–149. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.96

US Catholic Bishops. 1993. “A Framework for Comprehensive Health Reform: A Resolution of Catholic Bishops of the United States.” USCCB Publishing 678 (6): 1–7. https://www.usccb.org/issues-and-action/human-life-and-dignity/health-care/upload/health-care-comprehensive-care.pdf.

Wuthnow, Robert, and Virginia Ann Hodgkinson. 1990. Faith and Philanthropy in America. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Yamauchi, Edwin. 1980, “Josephus and the Scriptures.” Fides et Historic 13 (1): 42–63.

Downloads

Published

2022-06-22

How to Cite

Orogun, Daniel. 2022. “Modelling the Jewish Tzedakah Concept for Poverty Alleviation and Socio-Economic Development in Africa: A Neo-Pentecostal Perspective”. Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae 48 (1):20 pages. https://doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/10521.

Issue

Section

Articles
Received 2021-12-28
Accepted 2022-05-10
Published 2022-06-22