A Systematic Review on Pharmacological and Psycho-social Interventions for Late Adolescents with ADHD: A Global Perspective with Insights for South Africa

Casey Botha; Andréa Jacobs; Linda Le Roux; Yolokazi Sihlobo; Cheychanique Syster

doi:10.25159/2663-6549/19604

Authors

Casey Botha University of the Western Cape https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-3353
Andréa Jacobs https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7071-9036
Linda Le Roux https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6976-3483 https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6976-3483
Yolokazi Sihlobo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1013-9462
Cheychanique Syster https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1188-009X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25159/2663-6549/19604

Keywords:

pharmacological interventions, psycho-social interventions, adolescents, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Abstract

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults. The management of ADHD in late adolescents requires a multifaceted approach that includes pharmacological and psycho-social interventions. In South Africa, the context presents unique challenges and opportunities for ADHD management, influenced by socio-economic, cultural, and healthcare system factors. Addressing the unique challenges in the South African context, such as access to medication, availability of qualified therapists, and cultural sensitivity, is crucial for effective treatment. Multi-disciplinary collaboration among healthcare providers, educators, and families is essential to optimise outcomes for adolescents with ADHD. UKwazi, the University of the Western Cape online Library Database System, was used to conduct initial searches. The articles were critically appraised using The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the AMSTAR-2 measurement tool. All three screening phases were conducted using Covidence. This process resulted in 11 articles being included in the study. This study verified the effectiveness of stimulant medication for the successful management of ADHD symptoms. In addition, it was found that psycho-social measures were more effective when used in conjunction with ADHD medications. The findings point to a deficit of research relating to late adolescents with ADHD in South Africa.

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