SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING: LESSONS LEARNT FROM EXPERIENCES OF HIV-POSITIVE MOTHERS IN LUSAKA, ZAMBIA

Alice Ngoma Hazemba; B P Ncama; Y Ahmed

doi:10.25159/2520-5293/143

Authors

Alice Ngoma Hazemba University of KwaZulu Natal, School of Nursing and Public Health, Durban, South Africa
B P Ncama University of KwaZulu-Natal
Y Ahmed University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/143

Abstract

Breastfeeding is a culturally accepted way of feeding a baby despite the risk of HIV transmission. In the context of HIV, it is especially important to protect, promote and support exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. The aim of this study was to explore socio-cultural determinants of exclusive breastfeeding to inform interventions on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV among HIV-positive mothers in Lusaka, Zambia. We utilised ethnographic approaches and a triangulation of focus group discussions; in-depth individual interviews, participant observations and field notes to collect data. Thirty HIV-positive mothers were followed at 6 days, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 18 weeks after delivery. Inadequate knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding was pronounced. Predominantly, mixed feeding was practised as a cultural norm and to compensate for the delay in initiation of breastfeeding for HIV-exposed infants. Use of herbs was reported for reasons varying from medication to treat abdominal pains and protection of the baby from childhood illnesses. We conclude that breastfeeding is the customary way of feeding new-born babies; however, the recommended exclusive breastfeeding for all mothers is alien in populations driven by culture. Therefore, developing culturally appropriate counselling tools that address known practices has potential to improve breastfeeding in the context of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

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Author Biography

Alice Ngoma Hazemba, University of KwaZulu Natal, School of Nursing and Public Health, Durban, South Africa

A lecturer at the Univeristy of Zambia, School. Currently studying for PhD at the University of KwaZulu Natal.

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