Exploring Traces of Humanising Pedagogy in South African TVET Colleges: A Transformative Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25159/2312-3540/19130Keywords:
Exploratory Case Study, Reflective Methodology, Freirean Pedagogy, Student Inclusion, Student-Centered Instruction, TVET, Humanising PedagogyAbstract
Humanising pedagogy (HP) offers a transformative framework for addressing deeply entrenched challenges in South Africa’s Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges, particularly in fostering student inclusion and rethinking lecturer-centred instructional practices. This exploratory qualitative study investigates the perspectives of six TVET lecturers and fifteen students across two Eastern Cape colleges, examining both the possibilities and limitations of embedding HP in teaching and learning. Guided by a Freirean theoretical lens, data were generated through reflective dialogues with lecturers and learning cycle group meetings with students, which provided structured spaces for dialogical reflection and shared meaning-making. The findings reveal a complex interplay between the aspirational ideals of HP and the systemic constraints faced by lecturers and students. While participants recognised HP’s potential to promote inclusive, student-centred pedagogies, institutional barriers such as rigid curricula and limited professional development hinder its broader implementation. The study underscores the importance of professional learning initiatives that equip lecturers with strategies for fostering critical engagement and social justice in TVET education. By incorporating both lecturer and student voices, this research contributes to the discourse on humanising pedagogy and highlights the need for institutional and policy reforms that support reflective practices and student agency in shaping educational experiences.
References
Allais, S. 2024. “How the Global VET Toolkit Weakened Local Colleges in South Africa.” Journal of Vocational Education and Training 77 (1): 81–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636820.2024.2411509
Allais, S., and C. Marock. 2024. “What Problem Should Skills Solve?” International Higher Education, (117): 26–27. https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/ihe/article/view/17523
Andreotti, V. de O. 2011. “(Towards) Decoloniality and Diversality in Global Citizenship Education.” Globalisation, Societies and Education 9 (3–4): 381–397. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2011.605323
Braun, V., and V. Clarke. 2006. “Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology.” Qualitative Research in Psychology 3 (2): 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Brookfield, S. D. 2017. Becoming a Critically Reflective Lecturer. Hoboken, NJ: Jossey-Bass.
Creswell, J. W. 2013. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Delport, A. 2016. “Humanising Pedagogies for Social Change.” Educational Research for Social Change 5 (1): 6–9. Accessed January 22, 2025. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttextandpid=S2221-40702016000100001andlng=enandtlng=en
Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET). 2021. Statistics on Post-School Education and Training in South Africa: 2019. Pretoria: Department of Higher Education and Training.
Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET). 2023. Statistics on Post-School Education and Training in South Africa: 2021. Pretoria: Department of Higher Education and Training.
Ellsworth, E. 1989. “Why Doesn’t This Feel Empowering? Working through the Repressive Myths of Critical Pedagogy.” Harvard Educational Review 59 (3): 297–324. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.59.3.058342114k266250
Finlay, L. 2002. “Negotiating the Swamp: The Opportunity and Challenge of Reflexivity in Research Practice.” Qualitative Research 2 (2): 209–230. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410200200205
Freire, P. 1970. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. New York: Continuum.
Freire, P., and I. Shor. 1987. A Pedagogy for Liberation: Dialogues on Transforming Education. South Hadley: Bergin and Garvey Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18574-0
Freire, P., and M. Horton. 1990. We Make the Road by Walking: Conversations on Education and Social Change. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Guest, G., A. Bunce, and L. Johnson. 2006. “How Many Interviews are Enough? An Experiment with Data Saturation and Variability.” Field Methods 18 (1): 59–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X05279903
Kajee, L. 2021. “Teacher Narratives and Understandings of (De)Humanising Pedagogy.” South African Journal of Higher Education 35 (6). https://doi.org/10.20853/35-6-3721
Lutaaya, J., M. S. Mabusela, and T. C. Ntshangase. 2023. “Re-imagining the Technical and Vocational Education and Training Curriculum that can Address the Skills Shortage Gap in South African Rural Communities.” Journal of Advocacy, Research and Education 10 (3): 110–120. https://doi.org/10.13187/jare.2023.3.110
Mabunda, N. O., and L. Frick. 2020. “Factors that Influence the Employability of National Certificate (Vocational) Graduates: The Case of Rural TVET College in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.” Journal of Vocational, Adult and Continuing Education and Training 3 (1). https://doi.org/10.14426/jovacet.v3i1.127
Madu, M. C., and J. E. Edokpolor. 2021. “Issues and Challenges Facing the Teaching and Learning of TVET in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era.” Journal of Vocational Education Studies 4 (2): 188–195. https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v4i2.4921
Majola, E. 2025. “Reimagining Career Empowerment in South African TVET: A Freirean Critique of Policy and Pedagogy.” African Journal of Career Development 7 (1): 8. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajcd.v7i1.173
Majola, E., N. Rangana, and D. Geduld. 2025. “Rethinking Paulo Freire’s Critical Pedagogy: Challenges and Relevance in South Africa’s TVET Sector.” Educational Research for Social Change 14 (1): 26–42. https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/18342
Majola, E., and D. Geduld. 2025. “The Challenges of Implementing a Humanising Pedagogy in Technical Vocational Education and Training Colleges in South Africa.” Education as Change 29.
Majola, E., L. Powell, and C. Jordaan. 2024. “Vocational Education and Graduate Struggles in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: A Freirean Approach.” Education As Change 28. https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/15943
Mesuwini, J., and S. Mokoena. 2024. “Exploring Online Teaching and Learning Challenges for the Technical and Vocational Education and Training Lecturer.” Journal of Education and e-Learning Research 11 (1): 193–202. https://doi.org/10.20448/jeelr.v11i1.5423
Motala, E., and S. Vally. 2014. “‘No One to Blame but Themselves’: Rethinking the Relationship between Education, Skills and Employment.” In Education, Economy, and Society, edited by S. Vally and E. Matola, 1–25. Pretoria: UNISA.
Olawale, B. E., V. Mncube, and C. R. Harber. 2022. “Democratic Citizenship Education: Towards a Model for Establishing Democratic Mathematics Teacher Education.” South African Journal of Higher Education 36 (3): 177–193. https://doi.org/10.20853/36-3-4681
Powell, L. 2021. “Planning for Freedom: From Human Capital to Human Capabilities.” Journal of Education 84: 85–105. https://doi.org/10.17159/2520-9868/i84a05
Powell, L., and S. McGrath. 2019. “Capability or Employability: Orientating VET Toward ‘Real Work.’” In Handbook of Vocational Education and Training, edited by S. McGrath, M. Mulder, J. Papier, and R. Suart, 369–392. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94532-3_12.
Rogan, M., and J. Papier. 2020. A Baseline Study on the Destination of TVET College Graduates to Strengthen Employment Promotion in South Africa. Report prepared for the Department of Higher Education and Training, Pretoria.
Sakata, N., N. Bremner, and L. Cameron. 2022. “A Systematic Review of the Implementation of Student‐Centred Pedagogy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries.” Review of Education 10 (3): e3365. https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3365
Sathorar, H., and D. Geduld. 2021. “A Critical Approach to University–Community Partnerships: Reflecting on the Diverse Realities.” Educational Research for Social Change 10 (2): 88–104. https://doi.org/10.17159/2221-4070/2021/v10i2a6
Vimbelo, S. W., and A. Bayaga. 2023. “Humanising Pedagogy in Mathematics Education at South African Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Colleges: Influence on TVET Teaching and Learning.” International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 22 (9). https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.9.34
Vimbelo, S. W., and A. Bayaga. 2024. “Transforming Mathematics Education in TVET Colleges Through Humanising Pedagogy: An Exploration of Teaching Approaches, Student Engagement, and Real-life Examples.” IETE Journal of Education 65 (2): 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/09747338.2024.2324808
Walker, M. 2010. “Critical Capability Pedagogies in University Education.” Educational Theory and Philosophy 42 (8): 898–917. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-812.2007.00379.x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ezekiel Majola, Makhosi Madimabe-Mofokeng

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.