Intermediality: A Paradigm for African Identity in the Twenty-First Century

Authors

Abstract

One notion of African identity is based on the credo that generally champions the view that so-called Africans should not only celebrate an identity that is predicated on racialised and essentialised blackness, but also seek out (and hopefully render assistance to) any black persons anywhere in the world. Crucially, it was the black experience of slavery, as well as colonialism, that helped to foster such essentialised notions of identity. It is a matter of tragic irony that the very people who were written out of history are architects of some of the continent’s worst excesses, notably ethnic wars, genocides and related manifestations of black-on-black hatred and violence. Rather than giving attention to ideological positions those privilege notions of predetermined “Africanness”, I situate the debate in the disciplinary positions of history, philosophy and literature, and posit the idea of intermediality, meaning a state of in-betweenness, as a model for articulations of identity that not only promote the reality of our “otherness”, but also teach us what it means to be human. I argue that the idea of an African identity that is grounded on an essentialised blackness flies in the face of the history of a continent that has always been defined by “otherness” or difference. In employing intermediality as a core concept of inter-subjectivity on all articulations of identity that put the emphasis on respect for difference, I invoke selected post-structuralist and postmodern discourses to argue for an African identity in the twenty-first century that is more fluid and contested than any transcendent regimes of cultural certainty and legitimacy would have us believe. I insist on the primacy and the relevance of the idea of intermediality and, consequently, Africa’s interconnectedness with the rest of humankind.

 

Opsomming

Een beskouing van Afrika-identiteit is gegrond op die credo wat oor die algemeen die siening steun dat sogenaamde Afrikane nie net ’n identiteit moet vier wat op gerassifiseerde en geëssensialiseerde swartheid berus nie, maar ook enige swart mense op enige plek in die wêreld moet opsoek (en hopelik bystand aan hulle verleen). Dit was juis die swart ervaring van slawerny, asook kolonialisme, wat gehelp het om geëssensialiseerde opvattings oor identiteit soos hierdie aan te wakker. Die tragiese ironie is dat dieselfde mense wat uit die geskiedenis geskryf is, die argitekte van sommige van die kontinent se ergste vergrype, veral etniese oorloë, volksmoorde en verwante manifestasies van swart-op-swart geweld en haat, is. Eerder as om aandag te gee aan ideologiese standpunte wat die idee van voorbestemde “Afrikaanheid” bevorder, plaas ek die debat in die dissiplinêre standpunte van die geskiedenis, filosofie en letterkunde, en postuleer ek die idee van intermedialiteit, dit wil sê ’n “tussenstaat”, as ’n model vir artikulasies van identiteit wat nie net die werklikheid van ons “andersheid” bevorder nie, maar ons ook leer wat dit beteken om mens te wees. Ek argumenteer dat die idee van ’n Afrika-identiteit wat op ’n geëssensialiseerde swartheid gegrond is, lynreg ingaan teen die geskiedenis van ’n kontinent wat nog altyd deur "andersheid" of ongelyksoortigheid gekenmerk is. Deur intermedialiteit te gebruik as ’n kernbegrip van intersubjektiwiteit aangaande alle artikulasies van identiteit wat respek vir andersheid benadruk, beroep ek my op geselekteerde poststrukturalistiese en postmoderne diskoerse om ten gunste van ’n Afrika-identiteit in die een-en-twintigste eeu te argumenteer wat meer veranderlik en betwisbaar is as wat enige transendentale regimes van kulturele sekerheid en regmatigheid ons sal laat glo. Ek argumenteer ten gunste van die voortreflikheid en relevansie van die idee van intermedialiteit en, gevolglik, Afrika se verbondenheid met die res van die mensdom.

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Author Biography

Fetson Kalua, University of South Africa

Fetson Kalua is a full Professor of English at the University of South Africa. His main research interests include critical theory and identity politics. He has published extensively on postcolonial literature, in particular by placing postcolonial theory at the service of important, anti-essentialist interventions in the humanities. He is currently working on the notion of  African cultural identity.

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Published

2017-03-01

How to Cite

Kalua, Fetson. 2017. “Intermediality: A Paradigm for African Identity in the Twenty-First Century”. Journal of Literary Studies 33 (1):24-41. https://unisapressjournals.co.za/index.php/jls/article/view/11751.