“The Human Document”

Authors

Abstract

“The Human Document” examines the representation of reading in Coetzee’s novel Elizabeth Costello (2003) as an amoral “conspiracy” or “breathing together” of reader and fictional character. Reading so conceived erases the difference between real and fictional persons, permitting a fluid and promiscuous interpenetration of experience that a reader, at the moment of reading, is powerless to refuse. This circumstance challenges the premise of recent ethical theories of the novel. These propose that the reader conscientiously agrees to bracket his or her own values or experience while reading so as to allow a full experience of a character's alterity unconstrained by judgment or other preconceptions. In contrast, Elizabeth Costello proposes that the reader’s experience while reading precludes consent or any other exercise of free will essential to an ethical act. Reading amounts instead to the involuntary activation of a synapse between reader and character which challenges the reader’s foundational assumption, as a free agent, of his or her ontological priority over character. Insofar as fictional representation entails a kind of incarnation, it suggests the possibility of a literary ontology which Elizabeth Costello enacts through a peculiarly Coetzeean practice of doubling whose structure and significance are examined in this article.

 

Opsomming

“The Human Document” ondersoek die voorstelling van lees in Coetzee se roman Elizabeth Costello (2003) as ’n amorele “sameswering” of “saam asemhaal” van leser en fiktiewe karakter. In hierdie lig gesien, vee lees die onderskeid tussen werklike en fiktiewe persone uit, en baan dit die weg vir ’n promiskue wedersydse deurdringing van ondervinding wat ’n leser, terwyl sy lees, magteloos is om van die hand te wys. Hierdie omstandigheid betwis onlangse etiese teorieë van die roman. Dié teorieë voer aan dat die leser pligsgetrou toelaat dat sy of haar eie waardes of ondervinding opsy gesit word gedurende die lees van ’n roman sodat die volle ervaring van ’n karakter se andersheid ongedwonge deur oordele of vooroordele moontlik word. Hierteenoor stel Elizabeth Costello voor dat ’n leser se ervaring terwyl sy lees enige toestemming of ander beoefening van vrye wil wat essensieel is tot etiese handeling, uitsluit. Lees kom dus neer op die onwillige aktivering van ’n sinaps tussen leser en karakter wat die leser se grondopvatting, as vrye agent, van haar ontologiese voorrang bo karakter uitdaag. Vir sover fiktiewe afbeelding ’n soort beliggaming meebring, suggereer dit die moontlikheid van ’n literêre ontologie wat Elizabeth Costello vertolk deur die besondere Coetzeeaanse praktyk van verdubbeling, waarvan die struktuur en beduidenis in hierdie artikel ondersoek word.

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Author Biography

Nancy Ruttenburg, Stanford University

Nancy Ruttenburg is Professor of English, Comparative Literature, and Slavic Literatures at Stanford University.  She is the author of Dostoevsky's Democracy (Princeton University Press, 2008) and Democratic Personality: Popular Voice and the Trial of American Authorship (Stanford University Press, 1998). 

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Published

2009-12-01

How to Cite

Ruttenburg, Nancy. 2009. “‘The Human Document’”. Journal of Literary Studies 25 (4):51-66. https://unisapressjournals.co.za/index.php/jls/article/view/12463.