“To See Things for the First Time”: Before and After Ecocriticism

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Abstract

Ecocriticism has often been blamed to be too entangled with the literatures and the critical and political agendas of the Anglo-American world, and to be historically and aesthetically reductive inasmuch as its favourite texts are from the nineteenth and twentieth century dealing explicitly in motives, imagery and descriptions of the natural environment, more often than not in a troubled relationship with human activity. As human interaction with nature is an issue universally present in literatures across historical and geographical boundaries, these constraints have to be removed in order for ecocriticism to progress. The paper suggests some ways to do so. It introduces a definition with a focus on the cultural processes literature is engaged in, and not on the specific texts or ideological agendas. It is a criticism concerned with a basic cultural boundary through literature, the boundary between humans and nature. Moreover, it proposes a notion, a boundary marker, as a methodological support for textual analysis, and points to the importance of a broader historical view on the concepts used. Finally it uses a broad concept of dialogue as textual dynamics on all levels of the texts as a guideline for the analytical practice, which is finally carried out with Bruce Chatwin’s The Songlines ([1987]2005) and Patrick White’s Voss ([1957]1994) as the textual basis.

 

Opsomming

Ekokritiek word dikwels daarvan beskuldig dat dit te eng met die literature en die kritiese en politieke agendas van die Anglo-Amerikaanse wêreld verstrengel is, en daarom histories en esteties reduktief is, in soverre die gunstelingtekste uit die 19de en 20ste eeu dateer, en ten opsigte van hul motiewe, beelde en beskrywings eksplisiet handel oor die natuurlike omgewing – dikwels in 'n troebele verhouding tot menslike aktiwiteit. Aangesien menslike wisselwerking met die natuur 'n vraagstuk is wat algemeen oor historiese en geografiese grense heen in die literatuur voorkom, moet hierdie perke opgehef word om ekokritiek in staat te stel om vooruitgang te maak. In hierdie artikel word 'n aantal maniere aan die hand gedoen waarop dit bewerkstellig sou kon word. 'n Definisie word bekendgestel waarin die fokus val op die kulturele prosesse waarmee die literatuur gemoeid is, en nie op die spesifieke tekste of ideologiese agendas nie. Dit is kritiek wat gemoeid is met 'n basiese kulturele grens in die literatuur – die grens tussen die mens en die natuur. Dit stel ook 'n nosie – 'n grensmerker – as 'n metodologiese grondslag vir tekstuele analise voor, en wys op die belangrikheid van 'n breër historiese oorsig van die konsepte wat gebruik word. Laastens word 'n breë konsep van dialoog as tekstuele dinamiek op al die vlakke van die teks gebruik as riglyn vir die analise self, wat uitgevoer word aan die hand van Bruce Chatwin se The Songlines (1987) en Patrick White se Voss (1957) as tekstuele basis.

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Author Biography

Svend Eric Larsen, Aarhus University

Svend Erik Larsen is Professor of Comparative Literature at Aarhus University, Denmark. He holds a DPhil degree from Southern Danish University and was formerly Director of the Humanities Research Centre: Man and Nature (1992-1997) and a member of the Bureau of International Comparative Literature Association (1991-2003). He has published books and articles on literature and cultural history with regard to urban culture and the man-nature relationship, as well as on literary theory and semiotics. His latest books are Signs in Use (with J. Dines Johansen) (2002), All Alone [in Danish] (2002), Going out with Balzac [in Danish] (2002). A book on literature and globalisation will come out in November 2007.

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Published

2007-12-01

How to Cite

Larsen, Svend Eric. 2007. “‘To See Things for the First Time’: Before and After Ecocriticism”. Journal of Literary Studies 23 (4):33 pages. https://unisapressjournals.co.za/index.php/jls/article/view/13568.