If Not in Science, Then Where Are the Women?  A Content Analysis of School Textbooks

Aleksandra Gajda; Agnieszka Wolowicz

doi:10.25159/1947-9417/8926

Authors

Aleksandra Gajda The Maria Grzegorzewska University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2942-2672
Agnieszka Wolowicz University of Warsaw

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/8926

Keywords:

femininity, masculinity, education, content analysis

Abstract

This article analyses the representation of femininity in school textbooks in search of elements that discourage girls from taking up scientific educational paths. Quantitative content analysis and elements of the constant comparison method were used to examine the content of 75 Polish textbooks. Significant differences were identified in the number of male and female characters, their ages, financial resources, occupations, family roles and mental characteristics. Interestingly, the authors of the analysed textbooks are mostly women, which seems to indicate a manifestation of self-discrimination. These results indicate the existence of mechanisms discouraging females from a scientific career and are discussed in light of Hofstede’s masculinity-femininity theory.

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